“Microbiome”
is a buzzword that’s taken over the nutrition world in the last few
years.
No, it’s
not that Pauly Shore movie from the 1990s. (That’s Bio-Dome.)
Microbiome refers to the vast and complex populations of bacteria that live on
and in your body.
At
first, research suggested that one class of bacteria—probiotics—helped people
improve digestion. But eventually, researchers discovered that there’s much
more to it.
“These
bacteria in our gut are wired into our immune system, our metabolism, and even
our brain,” says Erica Sonnenburg, Ph.D., a microbiota researcher at Stanford
University Medical School.
“I think
if you have allergies, asthma, weight issues, diabetes,
and even depression and anxiety, it could mean that your
gut is not in an optimal state,” she says.
In the
words of Ron Burgundy, your microbiota is “kind of a big deal.”
Sonnenburg
speculates that we are only as healthy as our bacteria.
“If
you count up all the collective genome that our microbiota provides and compare
that to our human genome, humans are actually 99 percent microbe and only 1
percent human,” she says.
So how do
you benefit? It starts with your diet.
Maybe
you’ve heard that you should be eating more fermented foods—stuff like
kombucha, kimchi (keep reading for a recipe below), yogurt, kefir, and
sauerkraut—to introduce more good bacteria into your gut.
But
you also need fiber in order
to help feed new and existing good bacteria. So on top of fermented foods, you
should also be taking in fiber-rich vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds,
and grains.
Second,
stop applying hand sanitizer more often than Kim Kardashian updates her
Snapchat. New research shows that frequent hand sanitizer application kills
good bacteria living on you, increasing your risk of illness.
And,
lastly, limit antibiotic use to only when absolutely necessary.
“Antibiotics
don’t help fight off viral infections, which are the bulk of the infections we
deal with,” Sonnenburg says.
While all
this may seem complex and mysterious, the great news is that your microbiome is
under your control. And with these simple dietary changes and health practices,
you can improve your microbiome within a few days.
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